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Ethics in Research
Contents
• Ethical issue
• Ethical Approval
• The purposes of the Ethical Approval
• Informed Consent Form
• A sample of an Ethical Approval
• A sample of a Consent Form
1. Ethical issue
• involving living human subjects
• involving human remains, cadavers, tissues, biological fluids, embryos or
fetuses
• involving a living individual in the public arena if s/he is to be interviewed
and/or private papers accessed
• involving secondary use of data (use of data initially collected for another
purpose): health records, employee records, student records, computer
listings, banked tissue, any form of identifier is involved and/or if private
information pertaining to individuals
2. Ethical Approval
• All research studies involving human participants should undergo
ethical review, and receive a positive opinion (gain approval) from
the Ethics Committee or some kind of institutions before the
research is conducted.
Ethical Approval
Ethics Committee or kind of institutions
Details of:
• the research problem
• the purpose
• the process of data collection
• what participants do in the research
• what data will be collected from the participants
3. The purposes of the Ethical Approval
• To ensure that no one is harmed or suffers adverse consequences
from research activities
• To ensure the rights of both of the participants and of the
researchers
(For some researchers, ethical and legal norms are the same)
1) Participants’ rights
• Voluntary participation
• Confidentiality and anonymity
• No adverse effects
• Special care of children/young people
• Informed of recording/observation
• Assurance of bona fides
2) Researchers’ professional responsibilities
• Researchers’ must
• Design cost efficient research
• Ensure security of res
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