英语翻译概论.pdf

翻译概论 Warming-up exercises: Translate the followings 1 You are what you think 2 Your abilities count, but the belief that yo u can succeed affects whether or not you will. 3 It ’aspattern of thinking learned at your mother ’s knee. I 翻译的定义 1.Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language. 即 “将 一种语言的篇章材料替换为与之对等的另 一种语言的篇章材料 ”。 翻译是运用一种语言把用另一种语言文字 所表达的思想内容准确而完整地重新表达 出来的语言活动。它是一门科学，具有描述 性；同时它也是一门艺术，因为它具有创造 性。 1 / 15 II 翻译原则或标准：严复理论 1 信 (truthfulness/faithfulness) ：忠实原文 （对 原文的思想不歪曲也不要任意增减； 对原文 的风格不随意改动，即粗糙的不译成高雅， 口语体不译成书面体） 2 达 (expressiveness)：语言通顺畅达（译文 应该按照译语的语法和习惯来遣词造句； 译 文避免生搬硬套，应该通顺流畅） Eg . John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 约翰值得信赖。他忠诚而正直 (守规矩 ) 。 3 雅 (elegance)：文字古雅 / 切（ closeness） 总之，做英译汉时，按中国人的说话思维方 式，把内容用通俗的汉语顺畅地表达出来； 反之亦然。 1. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to have much more detailed information about courses and more advice. 2 / 15 2. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as everybody else. 1. 因此，如果要使学生充分利用他们 （上大