2018年考研英语（二）真题_.pdf

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2018年考研英语（二）真题_.pdf

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2018年考研英语二真题 Section ⅠUseofEnglish Directions: Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onthe ANSWERSHEET.(10points) WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Because humanshaveaninherentneedto_1_uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenew researchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill_2_tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitisclearthe answerwill_3_. Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolof BusinesstestedStudent’swillingnessto_4_themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone _5_,eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist? Halfofthepenswould_6_anelectricshockwhenclicked. Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrified,anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewere electrified._7_leftaloneintheroom.Thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepens andincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould_8_ subsequentexperimentsreproduced,thiseffect withotherstimuli_9_ thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects. Thedriveto_10_isdeeplyrootedinhumans.Muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor_11_orshelter,says ChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct—itcan_12_New Scientificadvances,forinstance—butsometimessuch_13_canbackfire,theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo _14_ thingsisaprofoundone. Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto_15_ ,however.inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto_16_ howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto_17_ toseesuchanimage.Theseresults suggestthatimaginingthe_18_offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworth theendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term_20_ iskeytoreducingth