第二语言习得心得.docVIP

General Cognitive Factors in Language Acquisition As far as language acquisition is concerned,the comprehension of the input and other processing activities of the input all rely on human’s cognitive capability.It is possible for people to understand each other during communication and acquire the language just because we share common experience of the world and common cognitive processing principles.So it is cognitive universal,rather than the linguistic universal,that leads to language acquisition. Cognitive universal in this cognitive model of second language acquisition is proposed as the cognitive system possessed by every normal person.It consists of two levels ?? concrete cognitive processes and meta ?? cognition.A certain series of cognitive processes make SLA possible and the learner’s meta ?? cognitive capability facilitates his success in second language acquisition. According to the above,an influential model of memory functioning within cognitive psychology(Atkinson and Sehiffrin 1968) suggested(at last)two major stages in SLA. The short ?? term memory system is considered to be limited in capacity, and to require conscious effort and control. It is likely to be serial in operation. The long ?? term memory system.In contrast,is very large in capacity, can operate in parallel fashion, and may not be always susceptible to conscious control. This original model portrayed short ?? term memory as the gateway to long ?? term memory,with the transfer of material from the former to the latter effected by processes of rehearsal.The most quoted example of this is the rehearsal of a telephone number so that it can be slowly transferred to long ?? term memory(as well as be the basis for making an actual call).More recent formulations have modified this interpretation.Short ?? term memory has been replaced by the concept of working memory,which still contains rehearsal ‘loops’(both Phonological and visual)and also a central executive component which is conce