神经系统中Tau蛋白的常规分析方法综述-SCI医学论文-基础医学论文-医学论文.docx

神经系统中Tau蛋白的常规分析方法综述-SCI医学论文-基础医学论文-医学论文 ——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印—— 　　摘 要：　Tau蛋白（简称Tau），是一种参与神经系统发育的微管相关蛋白。其可经历构象改变、异常mRNA剪接等,从微管解离，经系列翻译后修饰(Post-translational modification, PTM)，自身形成病理性聚集，进而造成神经退行性病变，最终形成Tau病。研究Tau的病理过程，分析评估其PTM及定量检测其浓度变化，对Tau病的早期诊断、跟踪、预防和治疗具有重要意义。本文对目前国内外Tau的常规分析方法进行了概述和比较，重点阐述光学、电化学生物传感方法的必威体育精装版研究进展与相关应用，对未来发展方向进行了展望，为Tau蛋白的深入研究与应用提供参考。 　　关键词：　Tau蛋白; Tau病; 生物传感器; 翻译后修饰; 评述; 　　Abstract：　Tau protein, simply referred to as Tau, is a type of microtubule-associated protein involved in the development of the nervous system. After experiencing conformational changes, abnormal mRNA splicing, etc. Tau dissociates from microtubules and undergoes a series of post-translational modification (PTM) to form pathological aggregation, which induces neurodegenerative diseases and tauopathies eventually. Numerous clinical studies suggest that studying the pathological process of Tau protein, analyzing and evaluating its PTM and quantitative detection of concentration changes are of great significance for the early diagnosis, tracking, prevention and treatment of tauopathies. In this paper, the conventional methods of Tau protein at home and abroad were summarized and compared. Specifically, the related applications and latest research progress of optical and electrochemical biosensors were mainly described. Furthermore, the summary of its future directions and the potential applications were proposed, which provided reference for the further research and application. 　　Keyword：　Tau protein; Tauopathies; Biosensor; Post-translational modification; Review; 　　1 、引 言 　　Tau蛋白（简称Tau），是一种参与神经系统发育的微管相关蛋白，其富集于神经元轴突周围，与微管蛋白结合形成微管，可稳定微管并促进轴突运输[1]。Tau经历构象改变、异常mRNA剪接等，从微管解离，经系列翻译后修饰(Post-translational modification, PTM)，自身形成病理性聚集，进而造成神经退行性病变，最终形成Tau病[2,3]。在进行性核上性麻痹、皮质基底节变性、额颞痴呆等原发性Tau病，C型Niemann-Pick病、阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer disease, AD)等继发性Tau病中均可检测到Tau的异常修饰、含量变化及病理沉积[4,5]。其中，由Tau异常聚集形成的神经元纤维缠结(Neurofibrillary tangle, NFT)是AD的病理标志之一[6]。研究Tau的病理过程，分析评估其PTM及定量检测其浓度变化，对Ta