My高中英语句子成分基本句型精品课件.ppt

二、简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）： Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 并列句的分类 1. 表示连接两个同等概念常用and, not only…but also, neither…nor…, then或者用分号等连接。 e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 e.g. August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 e.g. ①The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. ②What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ③ We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat 二、状语： 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的句子成分，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等 --The boy needs a pen now. --The boy needs a pen very much. 可用作状语的有副词,不定式，分词，介词短语，从句等。 In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. 在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。 （地点状语） Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. 在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. 星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 介词短语作状语： He sits there, asking for a pen. 他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework, the boy needs a pen. 因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语） Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语） 分词（短语）作状语： The boy needs a pen to do hi