双语教学资源 高速铁路隧道工程 2NATM.ppt

New Austrian Tunnelling Method 石家庄铁路职业技术学院 New Austrian Tunnelling Method The New Austrian Tunnelling Method, or NATM, which is in fact a broader concept of geotechnical engineering than a single “method”, has often been mentioned as a “value engineered” version of tunnelling due to its use of light, informal support(支护)． New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) 新奥法 新奥法实际上是岩土工程的一个广义概念，而不仅仅是一个方法；由于它使用轻型的、不规则的支护结构，常常被称为隧道施工的价值工程。 New Austrian Tunnelling Method It has long been understood that the ground, if allowed to deform slightly, is capable of contributing to its own support. 该方法认为，如果允许围岩（地层）有少量的变形，围岩能够承受自重、实现自稳。 New Austrian Tunnelling Method NATM, with its use of modern means of monitoring and surface stabilization (地表稳定), such as shotcrete (喷射混凝土) and rock bolts (岩石锚杆), utilizes this effect systematically. 新奥法利用监测和地表稳定技术，如喷射混凝土和岩石锚杆等现代手段的过程中，就系统地利用了围岩的自稳能力。 New Austrian Tunnelling Method shotcrete 喷射混凝土 New Austrian Tunnelling Method rock bolts New Austrian Tunnelling Method Pull-out test of an anchor New Austrian Tunnelling Method Traditional tunnelling used first timber supports and later on steel arch (钢拱架) supports in order to stabilise a tunnel temporarily until the final support (最终支护) was installed. The final support was masonry (圬工）or a concrete arch. 传统的隧道施工方法中，最先是使用木支护结构，后来才用钢拱架支护。钢木结构支护在最终支护结构修建之前起到临时稳定隧道的作用。最终支护结构为圬工或混凝土拱。 New Austrian Tunnelling Method Building the bricked lining, L6 tschberg tunnel New Austrian Tunnelling Method Timbering in the metro of Madrid (2000) New Austrian Tunnelling Method steel arch (Lattice girder) New Austrian Tunnelling Method steel arch (Lattice girder) New Austrian Tunnelling Method steel arch (Rolled steel ) New Austrian Tunnelling Method steel arch (Rolled steel ) New Austrian Tunnelling Method New Austrian Tunnelling Method Rock loads developed due to disintegration (松散) and detrimental loosening (有害松弛 ) of the surrounding rock (围岩) and loosened rock exerted loads onto the support due to the weigh