IB经济学 知识点总结手册 IB Economics in a Nutshell (Exam Study Guide).pdfVIP

Acknowledgment The author would like to express her immense gratitude to Peter Rock-Lacroix, who made all the diagrams in this book, and who offered countless and most helpful suggestions for improvements in both the diagrams and in the text. 1B Economics in a Nutshell Noema Press e-mail: noemapress@ Copyright© 2015 Ellie Tragakes e-mail: ellie.nutshell@ All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the author and publisher. Diagrams digitized as scalable vector graphic (SVG) files using lnkscape on Trisquel. Both lnkscape and Trisquel are free/libre software, available at and tri�. Cover photos are from Wikimedia Commons. Design by Developnet, Athens, Greece. Printed and bound by Typoshop, Athens, Greece. Noema (v6r,µa) is the Greek word for meaning, thought, concept, perception. ISBN 978-960-93-5931-3 11 Introduction This short guidebook is intended to help you review all the topics of the syllabus before tests and exams. It is not a textbook and cannot be used as such. It should be used as a supplement to your textbook, where you will find more in-depth explanations of syllabus topics. Key to symbols In the interests of brevity, and to make cause-and-effect relationships clear, the following symbols are sometimes used. 11 increases U decreases =} therefore, it follows that 0 advantage, positive characteristic, positive consequence 00 disadvantage, negative characteristic, negative consequence ., important point to note blue bold words and phrases syllabus terms and concepts Note This book covers all the topics in the 1B Economics syllabus in summary form, includes key definitions, diagrams and theories you need to know, contains a glossary o