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注：必须首先统一关键词和专业词汇（姚磊整理） Approximate entropy: A new evaluation approach of mental workload under multitask conditions Abstract: （李）本文提出了基于近似熵来评价多任务环境下人体脑负荷变化的研究方法。以仪表显示系统为研究对象，通过改变仪表数量及指针转速等indexes，设计了一系列不同难度（程度）的仪表操作任务，采集（人体）不同难度任务下的脑电信号、反应时及准确率，并进行归类比较，进一步利用近似熵算法、溯源方法线性以及二元回归方法对脑电数据、反应时、准确率进行分析，得到以下结论：随着任务难度的增大，近似熵也随之增大，因此近似熵可以作为脑负荷的评价标准；由于近似熵和偶极子数目存在着较强的正相关关系，因此引起脑负荷和近似熵变化的深层次原因是大脑中震源数目的增加; 以错误率和反应时间作为自变量，以近似熵作为因变量寻找到适合实际评估脑负荷的经验公式，推导出实际操作过程中大脑的疲劳区间。 Key Words: Approximate entropy(ApEn); EEG; Mental workload; Traceability; Evaluation 1 INTRODUCTION（姜） Working on cognitively demanding tasks for a considerable time often leads to mental fatigue, which can impact task performance[1]. The field of mental workload evaluation is divided into two major areas: subjective evaluation and objective evaluation[2]. Subjective evaluation is based on the feeling of people to evaluate mental workload degree. The non-uniform marking standard and subjective factor influence make it difficult to evaluate mental workload degree. Objective evaluation is based on equipment to obtain some physiological and biochemical indexes which can evaluate mental workload degree. In this work, we choose objective evaluation. Objective evaluation have widely been researched over the last decades. In the research of EEG, several sharp alpha transients in temporal or frontotemporal areas when subjects feel fatigue[3]. Slow wave activity increased over the entire cortex, while no significant changes were found in delta wave activity as a person fatigues[4]. Hong et al. [5] found that occipital and parietal lobe become more active when a person fatigues. In the research of Event-related Potentials(ERP), Kramer et al.[6] have used N100、N200 and mismatch negativity(MMN) to evaluate mental workload of Navy radar operators. Delaram Jarchi et al.[7] presented a method to investigate mental workload based on P300 using coupled particle filtering, which is more robust in the low signal-to-noise ratio situations