现在完成时态讲解与练习.docVIP

现在完成时态讲解 一定义： 动作发生在过去对现在造成了影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 1 Eddie has eaten Hobo’s food. 此句是现在完成时。“吃”的动作是过去发生的，而对现在所造成的结果是Hobo没有食物吃了。 2 Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已经擦过黑板了。)?这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。 3 He has come here. 这句话的意思： He is here now. 二现在完成时构成: 肯定句： 主语+ have/has +done（动词过去分词） 否定句： 主语+ haven’t /hasn’t + done 疑问句： Have/Has + 主语+ done Have you….? Has he….? Yes, I have Yes, he has. No, I haven’t. No, he hasn’t . (has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。) 动词过去分词的构成:1. 规则变化 visit visited visited repaired repaired repaired verb＋ed watched watched watched finished finished finished move moved moved lived lived lived 以e结尾＋d loved loved loved liked liked liked 注:以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去y＋ied. study studied studied hurried hurried hurried 去y＋ied 注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母＋ed stop stopped stopped mopped mopped mopped 双写＋ed trapped trapped trapped planned planned planned 2不规则变化P122-123 forget— teach--- catch--- pay--- begin-- know--- rise--- grow--- wear--- write--- S三 现在完成时的标志词 标志词1: 1. already已经 (用于肯定陈述句） I have already done the homework. 2. yet还没 already的否定式（否定句或疑问句） I haven’t done the homework yet. 3. just刚刚 （位于谓语动词前） I have just seen Daniel. 4. ever曾经 （多用于疑问句，问初次经历）, Have you ever watched the film? 5. never从不 （多用于否定陈述句） I have never read this book. 6. recently 最近 Have you been here recently? 7 before 之间 注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet. 1 I have seen the film already. I haven’t seen the film yet. 2 I have done my homework already. I haven’t done my homework yet. 3. Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet. 标志词2