x射线衍射分析.pptxVIP

07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;第二节 晶体结构; 2.1 晶体的点阵结构 ;如将空间点阵中各点阵点换上具体内容--结构基元(原子、离子、分子、基团等），即得到具体的晶体结构。 换言之：晶体结构=空间点阵+结构基元 空间点阵仅是晶体结构的几何抽象，只表示结构基元在空间的分布，无物质内容。。;点阵划分为晶格可以有不同的方法。;1.所选择的平行六面体的特性应符合整个空间点阵的特征，并应具有尽可能多的相等棱和相等角。 2.平行六面体中各棱之间应有尽可能多的直角关系。 3.在满足1,2时,平行六面体的体积应最小。 根据上述原则，证明仅存在14种不同的晶格（或点阵），称做布拉维点阵，按对称性可分为7个晶系。;;;;;;;a = b = c, a = b = g = 90?;;;;;;1. h,k,l三个数分别对应于a,b,c三晶轴方向。 2. 其中某一数为“0”，表示晶面与相应的晶轴平行，例如(hk0)晶面平行于c轴；(h00)平行于b,c轴。 3. (hkl）中括号代表一组互相平行、面间距相等的晶面。? 4. 晶面指数不允许有公约数，即hkl三个数互质。 5. 若某晶面与晶轴相截在负方向，则相应指数上加一横。;Inter-plane Space晶面间距 ;单斜;;;;;;;;;;;;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;;07:41;07:41;;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41;X射线定量分析过程;X射线定量分析中注意问题;07:41;07:41;07:41;;;;;T i-3Al-M 0-4.5V 合金中的亚稳α” 马氏体和α +β 两相组织的X R D 谱;07:41;如将空间点阵中各点阵点换上具体内容--结构基元(原子、离子、分子、基团等），即得到具体的晶体结构。 换言之：晶体结构=空间点阵+结构基元 空间点阵仅是晶体结构的几何抽象，只表示结构基元在空间的分布，无物质内??。。;;;07:41;07:41;07:41;07:41