2020_2021学年高中英语Module4GreatScientistsGrammar学案外研版必修420210309192.doc

PAGE Module 4　Great Scientists Grammar 语法精讲·探究学习 复习被动语态和by+ v. -ing 的用法 观察上面对话, 用适当的被动语态填写下面教材中的句子, 体会它们的用法。 1. Rice is also grown(grow)in many other Asian countries, and in some European countries. 2. The results of his experiments were published(publish)in China in 1966. ? 一、被动语态 被动语态用于强调谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者或不知道谓语动词所表示的动作的发出者的情况。被动语态常用于陈述事实, 一般用在科技文章或新闻报道中。 　　英语中语态只有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”, 相当于中文中常说的“被……”句式。被动语态的构成: be+过去分词(+by+动作执行者)。 1. 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 被动语态结构 一般现在时 am/is/are done (by. . . ) 一般过去时 was/were done (by. . . ) *The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 *Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。 *The window was broken by my son. 窗户被我儿子打破了。 语法填空。 (1)(2019·天津高考)Amy, as well as her brothers, was given (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. ? (2)These flowers are watered (water) by Li Ming every three days. ? (3)A lot of tall buildings were put (put) up in this city last year. ? 2. 现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态 被动语态结构 现在进行时 am/is/are being done (by. . . ) 过去进行时 was/were being done (by. . . ) *A hospital is being built in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在建一家医院。 *How is the new teaching method being tried there? 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的? *The house was being painted when we arrived at his home. 我们到他家时, 他家房子正在粉刷。 *Was the TV set being fixed at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗? 语法填空。 (1)(2018·天津高考)My washing machine is being repaired(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. ? (2)The boy was being saved(save) at this time last night. ? 3. 现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态 被动语态结构 现在完成时 has/have been done (by. . . ) 过去完成时 had been done(by. . . ) *The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。 *Has a new training centre been set up in our town? 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗? *In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadn’t been invented yet. 20世纪50年代的美国, 大部分家庭中只有一部电话, 无线电话还没有发明出来。 *She told me that she had been dismissed by her boss. 她告诉我, 她已被老板解雇了。 【知识延伸】现在完成时和过去完成时的注意事项(1)现在完成时强调动作从过去某个时候截止到现在, 常