英语论文成功写作基础知识.docx

第一章 第一章 学术论文的写作原则 中文论文作者通常不过多地介绍背以．从一个论点到另－个论点小过多地 解释．多数时候作者认为读者已经或者应该理解这些．有些时候作者可能故意 省去细节以避免繁琐或者显示自己的理论或方法的深奥但是当这种写作风格被应用到 “Academic Writing” 时 会与论文读者的期屯产牛强烈的冲突 当论文评审人经常需要猜测作者想要表达的意思时 ( fill in blanks )，尽管作者的新理论或者方法本身可能很有价值，论文被接受发表的几率也会非常低 好的论文应该以读者为中心组织论文结构，以便于帮助读者尽快找到重要信息，把你认为最 重要的信息放在段落的开始，对于重要论点给出足够的细节说明和解释，定义 关键用语和概念，利用标题和明确的转折词帮助读者跟随你的逻辑。 定义关键用诏和概念是 “Academic Writing 中常见的方法［ 可能少部分读者对这些概念已经理解，但是要保证绝大多数读者理解这些概念是非常重要的。很多好的论文作者经常以定义概念开始阐述新的论点和开始论文新的一节。定义 的结构如下： key term / word + category / class + explanation e.g., t is mo11穷 that one 匹岱()0 , organization or countty owes t t_her. -In the following definitions, the term is italicized. Underline the category or class of the defined word. Import substitution is a development strategy which employs trade barriers and heavy subsidies to promote industrialization and economic growth. Thermal convection is the motion of a fluid due to non-uniform temperature distribution. Bimetals are components made up of two separate metallic units, each occupying a distinct position in the component. Stakeholder analysis is a strategic planning tool used for analyzing the main players in an organization, decision-making process or given situation. 2Where do you think you would find these definitions in 衄 屾 喊 严 n ? How do you think 血 e切… 心 lp the 呻 毗 一心 血 由吵忒tbese 卢尸 m? 2 邑詈－ Analyze the following definition. The time-value of money concept is one of the most important concepts in all of corporate finance. It is important in such areas as capital budgeting, financial arrangements and mergers. Two basics of time-value of money are future value and present value. Does it follow the correct pattern? Does it help the reader understand the 血吐皿 m叫 皿 玉血 g of time-value of money”? ［原则之二］ 避免P罗竣和使用大词 ( Red uce Wordiness and Large Words) 仆英语母语的作者倾向于使用“大词”( large / beautiful / fancy / rare words )。这此“大词“不仅不能帮助论文显得高深．相反，会使读者非常不舒服。比如． 如果作者经常使用 GRE 考试中的 词汇，使得论文读者经常 对词汇的意思产生疑问甚至需要查阅字典．这篇晦涩的论文就不太可能被发表了- Academic Writing” 提倡清晰直接地表达论点，避免晖竣和使