ITIF-中国“重商主义”政策损害了全球创新（英文）-2021.5-28页.pdf

Industry by Industry: More Chinese Mercantilism, Less Global Innovation ROBERT D. ATKINSON | MAY 2021 China’s long-standing and rampant “innovation mercantilist” policies harm global innovation by taking market share and revenues from more-innovative foreign competitors, thereby diminishing the resources they can invest in research and development toward further innovation. KEY TAKEAWAYS ▪ In most industries, Chinese firms operate far from the frontier of innovation. To the extent China’s mercantilist policies erode market share and reduce revenue for innovation leaders, they also reduce investment in the next round of innovation. ▪ Most scholarly, econometric studies on the impact of China’s economic policies on foreign research and development (RD) and innovation find a negative relationship. ▪ ITIF compiled case studies of five industries: solar panels, high-speed rail, telecom equipment, semiconductors, biopharmaceutical products. In each case, our economic models suggested significant negative impact on global RD and patenting. ▪ In the semiconductor industry alone, ITIF found that if Chinese firms had 80 percent less market share, there would be 5,000 more U.S. patents annually. ▪ If China were to reduce its unfair mercantilist policies, the pace of global innovation would increase. But in a classic win-lose dynamic, China shows no inclination to do so. ▪ Allied nations should pressure China to reduce its harmful policies and encourage the WTO to focus more on the innovation effects of trade distortions. ▪ To apply pressure, allies should limit market access for innovation-based goods and services that are supported by Chinese government and its mercantilist policies. ▪ Allies also should cooperate more on technology policy and establish stronger trade agreements to allow for the free flow of innovation-based goods.