高考英语定语从句及考例.docVIP

高考英语定语从句及考例 在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，区别定语从句和名词性从句的最简易的办法就是看从句前有无被修饰的先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起着联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。这些关系词包括： 1）关系代词： 先行词为人：________、 _________ 、_______、 ________。 先行词为物：________、 ________、 ________、 ________ 。 2）关系副词：_________ 、_______、 ________。 注意：引导定语从句的关系词和引导名词性从句的连接词有许多是共用的，但它们在从句中的作用有所不同，注意区别。尤其要注意的是what只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。例如： I was the only person in my office who was invited. 1．关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。 The comrade ______ visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.（作主语） He is no longer the man ______ he used to be. （作表语） This is the book ______ I referred to in my talk. (作宾语) Wei Fang is the student ______ home caught fire last week. (作定语) 使用关系代词值得注意以下几点： = 1 \* GB3 ① that, which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，在口语和非正式语中经常省略。whom 也常可省略。例如： He is the man (whom) you have been looking for. （作宾语） = 2 \* GB3 ② that, which在从句中作主语时，如果先行词前面有序数词、最高级以及有 the only，the very等修饰时，只能用that, 不能用which。如果先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等不定代词修饰时,一般要用that，但是something后面既可用that也可用which。例如： Titanic is the best film ______ has been shown this year. The only thing ______ matters is to find our way home. This is the very magazine ______ you are after. I’ll do all ______ I can to help you. Is there anything ______ I can do for you in town? There is something ______ keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。 = 3 \* GB3 ③ 如果主句是由 who，which，what 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，先行词后的引导词要用that，而不用who或which。例如： Who is the man ______ is reading the newspaper over there? Which is the dictionary ______ you bought yesterday? 注意：当先行词是anyone, those, he, she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由who所指代的“人”所决定. Anyone who wants a ticket please sign your name here. Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. = 4 \* GB3 ④ whose在定语从句中置于名词之前，充当定语，既可指人，又可指物。whose xx =