年产20万吨乙醛生产工艺设计.docVIP

年产20万吨乙醛生产工艺设计 摘 要 乙醛是一种重要的烃类衍生物，有机合成中，乙醛是二碳试剂、亲电试剂，看作CH3CH(OH)的合成子，具原手性。它与三份的甲醛缩合，生成季戊四醇C(CH2OH)4。 此外，乙醛可以用来制造乙酸、乙醇、乙酸乙酯。农药DDT就是以乙醛作原料合成的。乙醛经氯化得三氯乙醛。三氯乙醛的水合物是一种安眠药。本文主要介绍乙醛精馏合成的各种工艺方法及发展前景，目前主要方法有乙炔水合法、乙醇氧化法、乙烯氧化法、烷烃直接氧化法。 在这里，主要讨论乙烯氧化法法的具体工艺流程，并且对精馏塔设备的各个部分进行了设计，将此反应过程中的物料和能量进行了衡算。精馏塔设备设计的内容和步骤，塔设备的强度和稳定性计算。用AutoCAD将化工工艺流程设计和设备设计，并对精馏塔和厂区设备布置图进行绘制。 关键词：乙醛；物料衡算；精馏 Process design for acetaldehyde production with an annual output of 200,000 tons Abstract Acetaldehyde is a kind of important hydrocarbon derivatives, acetaldehyde production methods there are four,In organic synthesis, acetaldehyde is a dicarbon reagent and an electrophilic reagent, which is regarded as the synthesizer of CH3CH(OH) and has protochirality. It condenses with three parts of formaldehyde to form pentaerythritol C(CH2OH)4. In addition, acetaldehyde can be used to make acetic acid, ethanol, and ethyl acetate. The pesticide DDT is synthesized from acetaldehyde. respectively is lawful, acetylene water ethanol oxidation, ethylene oxidation, direct oxidation of alkane. This paper mainly introduces various process methods and development prospects of acetic anhydride rectification synthesis. At present, the main methods include acetaldehyde oxidation, ketene method and methyl acetate carbonylation method. Here, the specific technological process of ketene process is mainly discussed, and all parts of rectifying tower equipment are designed, and the materials and energy in this reaction process are calculated. The content and steps of distillation tower equipment design, and the calculation of tower equipment strength and stability. AutoCAD is used to design the chemical process flow and equipment, and to draw the layout of rectification tower and plant equipment. Keywords: Acetaldehyde; Material balance; Distillation PAGE 52 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 绪论 1 1.1概述 1 1.1.1工厂选址介绍 1 1.2市场分析 1 1.2.1国外市场 1 1.2.2国内市场 1 1.3生产工艺技术方法 1 1.3.1乙醇氧化脱氢法 1 1.3.2丙烷—丁烷气相直接氧化法 2 1