机械工程专业英语011.pptx

科技英语英文摘要撰写 Writing an Abstract of English for Science and Technology ;典型语句是指撰写摘要时经常用的语句。归纳如下: 1)作者观点和文章内容的常用语句 常用词： deal with 论及，涉及 describe 阐述 explain 解释 illustrate 说明 introduce 引入，介绍 present 给出 report 给出 Example The physical and chemical properties of the crystal are dealt with. 论及了此晶体的物理化学性质。 Performance goals and measuring methods are briefly described. 简述了性能目标与测量方法。;1)作者观点和文章内容的常用语句，Example： The chain reaction of uranium nuclei caused by neutrons is explained by the critical experiment. 临界实验解释了由中子引起铀核的链式反应。 The applications of this technique to inner metal detection are illustrated. 说明了这种技术对金属内部探测的应用。 Research and development tools are introduced immediately. 引入了研究和开发的工具 The basic concepts and data collected are presented. 给出了基本概念和收集的数据。;2)文章研究课题的常用语句 ： 常用词： analyse , 分析 consider, 认为, 考虑 develop, 导出 (导出公式, 开发产品, 社会发展) discuss, 讨论 investigate, 研究 state, 叙述, 阐述 study. 研究, 学习 Example The main experimental problems are also analyzed with such ultra-low-frequency measurements. 用这种超低频测量也分析了主要的实验问题。 The phenomena associated with breakdown phase are considered as initial conditions. 与破损阶段有关的现象被认为是初始条件。;2)文章研究课题的常用语句，Example： A lumped parameter for concrete-structure interaction is developed. 导出了混凝土结构相互作用的集总参数。 Some application of the two-phase flow in reactors are briefly discussed. 简要地讨论了反应堆里两相流的一些应用 A particular system is investigated numerically. 对一特定系统进行了数值性研究。 The relationship between mass and energy in nature is stated briefly. 简述了自然界中质量与能量的关系。 The continuity of this function is studied under a certain boundary condition. 研究了这个函数在某一边界条件下的连续性。;3)文章涉及范围的语句 ： 常用词： Consist of 由…… 组成 Contain 包含 Cover 包含，包括，涉及到 Include 包含，包括 Example This article consists of four parts; introduction, theory, experiment, and conclusion. 本文由引言、理论、实验方法与结论四部分组成。;3)文章涉及范围的语句，Example： The configuration, structur