M08_克鲁格曼国际经济学.pptx

Chapter 8;Preview;Introduction;Introduction (cont.);Introduction (cont.);The Theory of Imperfect Competition;Monopoly: A Brief Review;Monopoly: A Brief Review;Fig. 8-1: Monopolistic Pricing and Production Decisions;Monopoly: A Brief Review (cont.);Fig. 8-2: Average Versus Marginal Cost;Monopoly: A Brief Review (cont.);Monopolistic Competition;Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Fig. 8-3: Equilibrium in a Monopolistically Competitive Market;Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition (cont.);Monopolistic Competition and Trade;Fig. 8-4: Effects of a Larger Market;Monopolistic Competition and Trade (cont.);Fig. 8-5: Equilibrium in the Automobile Market;Fig. 8-5: Equilibrium in the Automobile Market (cont.);Table 8-1: Hypothetical Example of Gains from Market Integration;Monopolistic Competition and Trade (cont.);The Significance of Intra-industry Trade;The Significance of Intra-industry Trade (cont.);Table 8-2: Indexes of Intra-Industry Trade for U.S. Industries, 2009;Firm Responses to Trade;Fig. 8-6: Performance Differences Across Firms;Trade Costs and Export Decisions;Fig. 8-7: Winners and Losers from Economic Integration;Trade Costs and Export Decisions (cont.);Table 8-3: Proportion of U.S. Firms Reporting Export Sales by Industry, 2002;Fig: 8-8: Export Decisions with Trade Costs;Dumping;Dumping (cont.);Protectionism and Dumping;Protectionism and Dumping (cont.);Protectionism and Dumping (cont.);Multinationals and Outsourcing;Multinationals and Outsourcing (cont.);Multinationals and Outsourcing (cont.);Fig. 8-9: Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment, 1980-2009 ;Multinationals and Outsourcing (cont.);Multinationals and Outsourcing (cont.);Multinationals and Outsourcing (cont.);Fig. 8-10: Outward Foreign Direct Investment for Top Countries, 2007-2009;The Firm’s Decision Regarding Foreign Direct Investment;The Firm’s Decision Reg