F2-MA 新增部分总结.pdf

Big Data Big Data Big data is an emerging technology that has implications across all business departments. It involves the collection and analysis of large amounts of data to find trends, understand customer needs and help organisations to focus resources more effectively and to make better decision. The main characteristics of Big Data are volume, velocity and variety. 2 Big Data Ø Effects and Benefits of Big Data Effects Benefits Decisions can be made quickly. Examine vast quantities of data quickly Decisions are based on current and future Improves decision making situations. Decisions are based on hard data. Greater focus on the individual customer All factors are taken into account Cost reduction Ø Criticisms of Big Data: • Only a buzzword, less practical usage for most companies. • Security, data protection and privacy • The availability of suitably qualified employees may be expensive. 3 Summarising and analyzing data Objectives 1. Grouped and ungrouped data 2. Averages 3. Dispersion 4. Probabilities and expected values 5. Normal distribution 6. The standard normal distribution 7. Using the distribution to calculate probabilities 5 Grouped and ungrouped data 1. Ungrouped data is data where frequency is shown in terms of a specific measure or value. 850 1,084 792 1,226 1,012 1,205 1,028 1,230 1,182 1,130 989 1,155