英国IWCF井控培训教程7-防喷器基础BOP.ppt

中东石油智库 英国IWCF井控培训教程7防喷器基础BOP-Well Control Lesson 9中东石油智库 中东石油智库 * B.O.P. Equipment While the BOP stack is usually the first item thought of when BOP equipment is discussed, other equipment such as chokes, accumulators, pit-volume indicators, gas detectors, flow detectors must also be included. API RP 53, Blowout prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells is a guide for installation of BOP systems on land marine drilling rigs. 中东石油智库 * B.O.P. Equipment When primary well control has been lost, it becomes necessary to seal the well to prevent an uncontrolled flow of formation fluids. The equipment that seals the well is called a blowout preventer. The BOP is installed on top of the borehole, has a redundant system plays crucial role in protecting the rig environment from leakage of fluids from inside the borehole. 中东石油智库 * B.O.P. Equipment The equipment consists of inside BOP(D.P.) ,drill pipe safety valves designed to stop the flow through the drill pipe, annular or ram type preventer designed to stop flow in the annulus. BOP stack includes annular preventer, ram preventers (pipe, blind, shear variable), drilling spool. 中东石油智库 * B.O.P. Equipment Annular type Ram type BAG-TYPE PREVENTERS Bag type preventers can be divided into two types: ? Well bore pressure assisted ? Non well bore pressure assisted. Most Hydril bag type preventers are well bore pressure assisted. Cameron and NL Shaffer units are non-well bore pressure assisted. 中东石油智库 * BAG-TYPE PREVENTERS With increasing well bore pressure the hydraulic fluid pressure for a Hydril bag type preventer must be reduced; for Cameron and NL Shaffer units the hydraulic pressure must be increased. Example : 中东石油智库 * BAG-TYPE PREVENTERS Complete shut off will require higher hydraulic pressures. Closing a bag type preventer on larger sizes of pipe will in general require less hydraulic fluid pressure. 中东石油智库 * BAG-TYPE PREVENTERS 中东石油智库 * B.O.P. Equipment The first preventer normall