英语思维与汉语思维.docxVIP

英语思维与汉语思维 英语思维与汉语思维 翻译：我已经结婚了，去年结婚的，到现在结婚一年多了。 I am married. I got married last year. Ive been married for over a year. 英文中有“动作action”与“状态state”的区分. 以及时态方面的问题。 英语的静态特征 ”静态与动态”，英语倾向于多用名词，因此呈静态，汉语倾向于多用动词，因而呈动态. 英语的静态特征具体说来有四点。 第一，名词化是英语常见的现象。 他很不开心，引起大家也不开心 He was unhappy, so others felt unhappy too. His unhappiness made/infected others unhappy. He arrived so earlyz and I was quite surprised. — His early arrival surprised me. 同时汉语常用人作主语而英语多用物作主语. 比如一篇六级模拟题范文中有这样一句话：Video games could do us harm without our knowing itf If proper attention is not paid to their side effects. ”他最*败了“ At last he failed. At last all his efforts were in vain. He was outstanding among his colleagues because he worked very hard. f His hard work/ efforts made him outstanding among his colleagues. 第二 用名伺表示作的作的发出者（施事者），以代替动词. 他七十多了，但能吃能唾.“ He still could eat and sleep. He was still a good eater and a good sleeper. 悒位老师上课上得不好，我们都盼着早点下课。” This teacher is not a good one, so we are eager to finish his class as earlier as possible. In this teachers class, we are all clock-watchers. 所以下次你要夸别人得好，记看可以怎么写:He is a good/professional 所以下次你要夸别人 得好，记看可以怎么写: He is a good/professional basketball player. 第三，名词的优势造成介词的优势。 ”有人给他撑腰。” Someone supports him. He has someone behind him. 说完这些话,她就走开了. After she finished her words, she went away. With these words she went away. ”这本书太难了，我看不懂 This book is too difficult for me to understand it The book is totally beyond/above me 第四，动词的弱化与虚化。我们可用一些虚化动词(have, make, take, do)加上它 的名词意义。 比如 look— have a look, take a look walk—have a walk, take a walk visitf pay a visit to attempt-* make attempts damage— do some damages to 比如：Tom与老板吵架之后，就辞职了。” After Tom had a quarrel with his boss, Jack quit After Tom quarreled with his boss, Jack quit. 喜用名词，是现代英文固有现象。但干万切记.名词的使用要适当，井所有地方名词 优于动词，万不可滥用。况且，近年来英美不少学者认为名词的滥用造成英语缺乏生气。 如果考生能够把握分寸.适当使用名词确也不失为写作之上策。 思维方式制约着表达习惯。思維是写作活动的基础；写作不仅是语言活动,而且是思 维活动(Kelly ,1963 ).汉式思维模式是形象的、直观的，在语言上,汉语用词倾向 于具体，常常以实的形式表达虚的槪念，以具体的形象表达抽象的内容，而英式思维则 是概括的、抽象的(连淑能，1993 ).汉