图文国际经济学第五章.pdf

a. b. c. Calculate the intra-industry trade share for each individual product category. Calculate the net trade for each product category as a percentage of total trade (X+M in the category. Which product categories have the highest intra-industry trade share. Why might this be? What might explain the pattern of net trade (net exports or net imports across the categories that show substantial net trade as a percentage of total trade? 36 Question 2 Evaluate the relative importance of economies of scale and comparative advantage in causing the following: a. Most of the world ’s aluminum is smelted in Norway or Canada. b. Half of the world ’s large jet aircraft are assembled in Seattle. c. Much of the world ’s best wine comesfrom France. 37 Question 3 The global market for household dishwashers is monopolistically competitive. It is initially in a free-trade equilibrium, with 40 models offered, and a price of $600 for a typical dishwasher. In your answer use graphs like those shown in Figure 6.5 and 6.6. There is now a permanent increase in global demand for dishwashers generally, so the global market size increases by about 15 percent. 38 a. b. c. Show graphically and explain whether the typical firm earns an economic profit or a loss, in the short run just after the general increase in demand occurs. Show graphically the effect on the number of dishwasher models offered, after the global market has adjusted to a new long-run equilibrium. Explain the process of adjustment to this new long-run equilibrium. Show graphically and explain the situation for the typical firm in the industry. 39