东南亚农业食品部门的经济影 响-印度尼西亚.docxVIP

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE AGRI-FOOD SECTOR IN INDONESIA 2021 JunPhoto/S TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary 2 Introduction 8 The structure of this report 8 How we frame our analysis 8 The agri-food sector’s impact in Indonesia 12 The total economic impact of the agri-food sector 12 The economic impact of the agri-food sector in detail 13 Trade in agri-food products 15 Impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian agri-food sector 16 Outlook for the agri-food sector 18 Mixed outlook for the agri-food sector in Southeast Asia 18 The Economic Recovery Matrix 18 Fiscal policy risks for the agri-food sector 20 Assessing the fiscal policy risks to the Asian agri-food sector 20 New excise taxes pose a risk to the agri-food sector’s recovery 22 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Throughout a tumultuous year for the Indonesian economy, in which travel, logistics, trade, and business operations have been tested in unprecedented ways, the agri-food value chain has demonstrated its resilience. It has placed food on the table at stable prices, provided an income and employment for a huge proportion of the country’s workforce, and created opportunities for businesses at each stage of the value chain. From farm to fork, Indonesia’s agri-food sector holds an unparalleled position in the economy and plays a pivotal role in its future economic development. Its performance is critical to household wellbeing and it is an economic powerhouse, responsible for millions of jobs, as well as being a major contributor to total economic output and government tax receipts. Looking beyond the coronavirus pandemic, there are many challenges facing the agri-food sector that will have repercussions for the wider economy. These include major risks to food supply and demand. They also include fiscal policy risks, that could result from governments adjusting their spending and taxation policies to recover from the economic impact of COVID-19 on public finances. Oxfor