毕业设计（论文）-EQ4250后平衡悬架设计.docx

EQ4250后平衡悬架设计  摘 要 现在大型牵引车的后轴多采用平衡悬架，其结构特点决定了其不仅可以提高车辆的平顺性和舒适性，同时，可以解决多轴汽车某些车轮出现悬空的情况，所以平衡悬架的研究始终是重型汽车的研究热点。 本次设计阐述了平衡悬架的结构特点与工作原理，并以EQ4250牵引车为基础，根据对标车型选择质量参数和平顺性参数，从而对其后平衡悬架的弹性元件，导向机构，平衡轴进行了设计计算。 本次设计的弹性元件选用普通多片式钢板弹簧，根据车辆平顺性需求对其尺寸，与安装时的预紧力进行了设计，并且校核总成的应力满足材料许用应力；根据车辆结构布置，对导向机构进行布置，选取上推力杆为V型，下推力杆为I型，根据车辆五种极限工况下的受力分析设计了推力杆的截面尺寸，并计算临界压力进行比较校核；根据后轴受力情况，结合制动工况平衡轴的受力，设计平衡轴截面尺寸，并且通过求出其危险截面应力进行校核，使其尺寸设计满足条件；最后，在CATIA中进行悬架总成的建模，并在DUM运动机构中进行运动学分析，确保设计的结构与尺寸合理。 关键词：平衡悬架；钢板弹簧；推力杆；平衡轴；运动分析 全套图纸加扣 3346389411或3012250582  Abstract At present, the rear axles of large tractors mostly use balanced suspensions, and their structural characteristics determine that they can not only improve the smoothness and comfort of the vehicle, but also solve the situation where some wheels of multi-axis vehicles are suspended, so the balance suspension Research has always been a research hotspot of heavy vehicles. This design expounds the structural characteristics and working principle of the balanced suspension, and based on the EQ4250 tractor, selects the quality parameters and smoothness parameters according to the benchmark model, so as to adjust the elastic elements, guide mechanism, balance of the rear suspension The design calculation of the shaft was carried out. The elastic element designed this time is an ordinary multi-piece leaf spring, which is designed according to the vehicles smoothness requirements and its preload force during installation, and the stress of the verification assembly meets the allowable material stress; according to the vehicle structure Layout, arrange the guide mechanism, select the upper thrust rod as V type, and the lower thrust rod as I type. The section size of the thrust rod is designed according to the force analysis of the vehicle under five extreme working conditions, and is carried out through the theory of pressure bar stability Check; according to the force of the rear axle, combined with the force of the balance shaft in the braking condition, des