lecture03市场福利分析.pptx

Lecture three Market and Welfare;;Consumers, Producers and the Efficiency of Markets;消费者、生产者与市场效率;Consumers, Producers and the Efficiency of Markets ;消费者、生产者与市场效率;Consumers, Producers and the Efficiency of Markets ;消费者、生产者与市场效率;Consumers, Producers and the Efficiency of Markets ;消费者、生产者与市场效率;CONSUMER SURPLUS;消费者剩余;Table 1: Four Possible Buyers’ Willingness to Pay;表1. 四个可能买者的支付意愿;Using the Demand Curve to Measure Consumer Surplus;用需求曲线衡量消费者剩余;The Demand Schedule and the Demand Curve;需求表与需求曲线;Figure 1 The Demand Schedule and the Demand Curve;图1. 需求表与需求曲线;Figure 2 Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve;表2. 用需求曲线衡量消费者剩余;Figure 2 Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve;图2. 用需求曲线衡量消费者剩余;Using the Demand Curve to Measure Consumer Surplus;用需求曲线衡量消费者剩余;Figure 3 How the Price Affects Consumer Surplus;图3. 价格如何影响消费者剩余;Figure 3 How the Price Affects Consumer Surplus;;What Does Consumer Surplus Measure?;消费者剩余衡量了什么？;PRODUCER SURPLUS;生产者剩余;Table 2: The Costs of Four Possible Sellers;表2. 四个可能卖者的成本;Using the Supply Curve to Measure Producer Surplus;利用供给曲线衡量生产者剩余;The Supply Schedule and the Supply Curve;供给表和供给曲线;Figure 4 The Supply Schedule and the Supply Curve;;Using the Supply Curve to Measure Producer Surplus;利用供给曲线衡量生产者剩余;Figure 5 Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve;;Figure 5 Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve;;Figure 6 How the Price Affects Producer Surplus;图6. 价格如何影响生产者剩余;Figure 6 How the Price Affects Producer Surplus;图6. 价格如何影响生产者剩余;MARKET EFFICIENCY;市场效率;The Benevolent Social Planner;仁慈的社会计划者;The Benevolent Social Planner;仁慈的社会计划者;The Benevolent Social Planner;仁慈的社会计划者;The Benevolent Social Planner;仁慈的社会计划者;Figure 7 Consumer and Producer Surplus in the Market Equilibrium;;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium;市场均衡的评价;Figure 8 The Efficiency of the Equilibrium Quantity;;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium;市场均衡的评价;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium ;市场均衡的评价;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium ;市场均衡的评价;Consumer surplus equals buyers’ wil