国际经济学题库英文版.pdf

Part Ⅰ. Fill in the blank with suitable content. themes recur throughout the study of international economics. These arethe gains from trade , the pattern of trade , protectionism the balance of payments, exchange rate determination, international policy coordination, international capital market. 2. Countries engage in international trade for two basic reasons :comparative advantage and economics of scale. 3. A country has a comparative advantage in producing a good ifthe opportunity cost of producing that good in terms of other goods is lower in that country than it is in other countries. * * 4. Labor is the only one factor of production. a LC 、 aLW and aLC 、 aLW are the unit labor requirement in cheese and wine at Home and Foreign, respectively. If aLC/aLWaLC*/aLW* , Home has a comparative advantage in cheese.p / p is the relative price of cheese, when C W aLC/aLW Pc/PwaLC*/aLW* Home and Foreign specialize in producing cheese and wine , respectively. * * 5. Labor is the only one factor of production. a LC 、 aLW and aLC 、 aLW are the unit labor requirement in cheese and wine at Home and Foreign, respectively.L and L* are Home ’s and * * Foreign ’s labor force. Ifa / a p / p a / a , the world relative supply of cheese equals LC LW C W LC LW （ ） L/aLC /(L*/aLW*) . Home’s gains from indirectly producing wine can be shown as (1/aLC)(Pc/Pw) －1/aLW M M M F F F M F 6. In spe