喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤质量演变的影响.docxVIP

喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤质量演变的影响 喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤质量演变的影响 第16卷第1期水土保持学报 V ol. 16N o. 1 喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤质量演变的影响 龙　健1, 黄昌勇1, 李　娟2 (1. 浙江大学环境与资源学院, 浙江杭州310029; 2. 河南农业大学农学院, 河南郑州450002) 摘要:通过调查喀斯特山区典型土地利用方式对土壤养分和土壤容重的影响, 结果表明, 森林的破坏以及随后的耕种显著增加了土壤容重, 并降低了大部分土壤养分。和林地相比, 灌木林、灌丛、草地和退耕3年的蒿草地容重分别增加了32%, 20. 3%, 46. 9%, 52. 3%。除全钾外, 草地和退耕蒿草地土壤养分显著下降, 和林地相比, 草地有机质减少了29. 3%, 全氮减少了48. 2%, 全磷减少了66. 3%, 碱解氮减少了45. 8%, 有效磷减少了56. 3%, 有效钾减少了60%; 退耕3年的蒿草地土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾分别减少了85. 6%, 84. 7%, 81. 4%, 74. 9%, 87. 5%和90. 6%。土壤退化指数的计算结果表明, 草地和退耕蒿草地发生了非常严重的退化。关键词:喀斯特山区; 　土地利用; 　土壤养分; 　土壤容重; 　土壤退化指数 中图分类号:S158. 5; S152. 5　　　文献标识码:A 　　　文章编号:1009-2242(2002) 01-0076-04 Effects of Land Use on Soil Quality in Karst Hilly Area LONG Jian 1, HUANG Chang -yong 1, LI Juan 2 (1. College of Resources and Env ir onmental Science , Zhej iang Univer sity , H angz hou 310029; 2. Colleg e of A gricultur e , H enan A gr iculture Univer sity , Zhengz hou 450002) Abstract :The effects of land use on soil nutrients and soil bulk density in Karst hilly area w as studied. T he results indicated that deforestation and cultivation led to increase in soil bulk density and decrease mostly in soil nutrients. Com pared to forest, the bulk density value of bush forest, low -grow ing bushes, grassland and 3years decultivated land increased by 32%, 20. 3%, 46. 9%and 52. 3%respectively. M ost soil nutrients ex cept total K in grassland and 3years decultivated land decreased significantly in comparison w ith forest. Grassland w intnessed a decrease in soil org anic matter by 29. 3%, total N by 48. 2%, total P by 66. 3%, alkalysis N by 45. 8%, av ailable P by 56. 3%and available K by 60%; While 3y ears decultivated land saw a decrease in soil org anic matter by 85. 6%, total N by 84. 7%, total P by 81. 4%, alkaly sis N by 74. 9%, available P by 87. 5%and available K by 90. 6%.The results of soil degradation index show ed a severe deg radation occurred to grassland and 3years cultivate