我国商业性长期护理保险发展探讨.pdf

摘 要 随着全球范围内人口老龄化问题的日益严重，如何更好地解决护理老年人 产生的费用和负担等问题得到了越来越多的关注，在此背景下长期护理保险应 运而生。人口老龄化问题最早产生于欧美各发达国家，因此长期护理保险在发 达国家起步较早，经过几十年的发展，现已成为发达国家减轻人口老龄化负担 的有效手段。我国在 2000 年正式进入人口老龄化阶段，且我国人口老龄化问题 具有老龄化速度快、老龄人口基数大、失能人口数量多、未富先老、未备先老 等特点。由于国内家庭规模日趋小型化，家庭养老功能不断弱化，医疗护理费 用不断上涨等因素，对失能老人的照料、护理及相关费用已成为一个比较严重 的社会问题。因此，长期护理保险的发展对我国显得尤为重要。然而我国现阶 段的商业性长期护理保险存在着保障不充分、与养老保险产品区分度低等问 题，与发达国家之间还有很大的差距，难以满足我国消费者的需求。因此，如 何使我国商业性长期护理保险取得突破性发展无疑是一个亟需探讨的问题。 本文首先讨论的是如何定义长期护理保险，然后从给付方式、保障内容等 角度介绍了长期护理保险的特征。之后以此为理论基础，分析了我国商业性长 期护理保险的发展现状，并结合具体产品对我国商业险护理保险产品存在的问 题进行了阐述。 接下来，本文对长期护理保险在发达国家的发展情况做出了概述，介绍了 长期护理保险的两种主流发展模式，然后重点讨论美国长期护理保险的经验借 鉴以及对我国的启示。 针对之前提出的我国商业性长期护理保险存在不足和问题，本文在最后从 保险公司和政府两个角度，对我国商业性长期护理保险的发展提出了相应的建 议。 关键词： 长期护理保险；商业性；人口老龄化 Abstract With the aging of population becoming more and more seriously worldwide, how to solve the problem of taking long-term care of the old and its cost gets more attention, in this background, long-term care insurance came into being as the times require. This trend first emerged in more economically developed countries, consequently long- term care insurance started early in these countries. After development of decades, it has become an efficient resort for developed counties to relieve the pressure that aging population poses. China has entered the aging society in 2000.This problem has these following features: a large number of elderly populations, fast growing of elderly populations, lots of the old who have disability of different degrees and ahead of economic development. What’s more, considering the miniaturization tendency of families, the function of aging care‘s decline together with the rise of medical and care expenses, the development of long-term care insurance is critically important to our country. However, there are few real long-term care