烟气轮机；在线监测.pdf

摘 要 为了强化对重要设施的管理和预测修理，要充分关注设施的状态监测和故障 研究活动，特别是在线状态监测工作。机组作为整个系统的重要部分，其运作状 况显著影响系统的运作周期与能源损耗，运行顺利，不只可以节约电力，减少资 源损耗，此外还可以确保所有机组的顺利运作，进而保证设施的正常生产。 本文烟机在线状态监管和问题诊断技术的应用研究作为切入点，通过在重油 催化装置的烟气轮机和众多规模庞大的机组在线状态监测的应用，全面分析烟气 轮机的重要问题：转子不对中、不平衡、轴弯、油膜涡动、转子碰摩、轴裂纹 等，分别从故障危害性、故障原因分析以及特性分析角度进行分析。通过现场的 在线监测系统结合实际故障案例得出了不对中、不平衡、摩擦以及油膜涡动的故 障特征，故障原因及解决措施，深入研究了各种故障的特征图谱。总结了烟气轮 机故障诊断中常见的分析方法：时域诊断法、传统谱分析法、轴心轨迹分析法。 通过对故障的分析，结合停机修理的结果与分析研究，最终推断出各种类型的数 据和图谱所对应的不同故障类型，对于烟机转子及一、二级静叶密封结构进行了 改进，降低了设备的故障率，机组实现了长周期平稳运行，对关键设备进行预知 性维修，最终得到了满意的效果，取得可观的经济效益和社会效益。 关键词：烟气轮机；在线监测；故障诊断；诊断技术应用 Study on the application of on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of gas expander ABSTRACT In order to strengthen the management and forecast maintenance of key equipment, it is necessary to carry out the state monitoring and fault analysis of equipment, especially the on-line condition monitoring. Unit as a key equipment of the entire device, its operation conditions directly affect the unit running cycle and energy consumption level, run well, not only can save a lot of power, reduce the energy consumption of the device level, but also to ensure the safe operation of the unit, to ensure the safety of the plant production. In this paper, the application of the on-line state monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of the cigarette machine is used as the breakthrough point. Through the application of the on-line state monitoring on the flue gas turbine and the large units of the heavy oil catalytic unit, the main fault forms of the flue gas turbine are studied systematically, including the misalignment, unbalance and axis bending of the rotor of the flue gas turbine. Oil whirl, rotor rubbing, shaft crack, etc., are analyzed from the point of view of fau