课件浅谈科技英语写作.pptx

Tips for Writing a Scientific Paper in English;Charles Darwin:;Pamela et al. (Science, p.447，April 23, 2010) :;Organization of a Scientific Paper;Christopher Marlowe: ;Title;Use the specific word, the familiar word, the short word;An Example: Format of Title for Nature;The first fossil chordates are found in deposits from the Cambrian period, but their earliest record is exceptionally sporadic and is often controversial. Accordingly, it has been difficult to construct a coherent phylogenetic synthesis for the basal chordates.. Definite agnathan fish did not occur until the Lower Ordovician (~475 Myr BP), with a more questionable record extending into the Cambrian. The discovery of two distinct types of agnathan from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fossil-Lagerstatte is, therefore, a very significant extension of their range.... These finds imply that the first agnathans may have evolved in the earliest Cambrian, with the chordates arising from more primitive deuterostomes in Ediacaran times (latest Neoproterozoic, ~555 Myr BP), if not earlier.;The exquisite preservation of soft-bodied animals in Burgess Shale-type deposits provides important clues into the early evolution of body plans that emerged during the Cambrian explosion1. Until now, such deposits have remained silent regarding the early evolution of extant molluscan lineages — in particular the cephalopods. Nautiloids, traditionally considered basal within the cephalopods, are generally depicted as evolving from a creeping Cambrian ancestor whose dorsal shell afforded protection and buoyancy2. Although nautiloid-like shells occur from the Late Cambrian onwards, the fossil record provides little constraint on this model, or indeed on the early evolution of cephalopods. Here, we reinterpret the problematic Middle Cambrian animal Nectocaris pteryx3,4 as a primitive (that is, stem-group), nonmineralized cephalopod, based on new material from the Burgess Shale.;;The sea slug Elysia chlorotica acquires plastids