上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习.pdf

上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习 【考点讲解】 一、肯定句改为否定句 在做此类题时，通常在系动词、助动词和情态动词后加 not (nt) 。如 果句中没有这些词， 则根据谓语动词的原形、 第三人称单数动词形式 或过去式而分别在其前面加 do not (dont), does not (doesnt)或 did not (didnt), 并将第三人称单数动词形式或过去式改为原形。如： We can finish the work this afternoon. →We cant finish the work this aft ernoon. They put the basket under the tree just now. →They didnt put the basket under the treejust now. 注意： 1. 当 think, believe, suppose等动词后面跟宾语从句时，通常用否 定主句谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。如： I think they can come tonight. →Idont think they can come tonight. 2. 当 must 表示推测，表示 “一定；肯定 ”的含义时，否定句应用 cant。 如： He must be in the room. →He cant be in the room. 二、陈述句改为疑问句 陈述句改为疑问句一般有三种情况：一是改为一般疑问句，二是改 为反意疑问句。如 : 1. The studentshad learnedabout 1,000 English words by the end of last t erm. （改为一般疑问句） 2．利用从句改写 即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如： 1. The man is talking with a lady. He gave us a talk last week. The man_________ gave us a talk last week __________________ with a lady. 【答案】who / that; is talking 。定语从句 who / that gave us a talk last week 修饰先行词 the man。 2. He didn ’twant to miss the first bus, so he got up early. He got up early __________________ he could catch the first bus. 【答案】so that。目的状语从句 so that he could catch the first bus 说明 动词 got up early 的目的。 3. “Didyou sleepwell last night? David” askedher. David askedher ___________________________ well last night. 【答案】if / whether sheslept。直接引语转换成间接引语时，如果直 接引语是一般疑问句时，连接词要用 if 或 whether，句子保持陈述句 的语序。 4. Come on, or we’llmissthe early bus. _________ we _________ hurry, we’llmiss the early bus. 【答案】 If; don’t 。if 引导条件状语从句。句意为：如果我们还不快 一点，我们就赶不上头班车了。 祈使句与条件状语从句的相互转换 5. John will go to bed after he finished his homework. John _________to bed _________ he finished his homework. 【答案】didn ’untilt; 。not …until 表示 “直到 ……才 ”的意思。 3．利用 so do I 改写 “so＋动词＋主语 ”结构，表示肯定， 译为 “某人 (物) 也如此 ”。 “neither ／nor ＋动词＋主语 ”结构表示否定， 译为