分析化学课件：第三四章 酸碱平衡及酸碱滴定法.pptx

Chapter III IV Acid-base Equilibrium and Acid-base Titration;Volumetric Titration 容量滴定;Key to Volumetric titration 容量滴定-The Route to the End Point;Neutralization/Acid-base Titration 中和/酸碱滴定;Aqueous Solution and Chemical Equilibria水溶液及其化学平衡;Chemical Equilibria 化学平衡;Classification of Electrolytes电解质分类;Acids and Bases (Br?nsted-Lowry Definition); Acid ? Conjugate Base 共轭碱 + Proton质子 Proton donor Proton acceptor Proton HAc ? Ac- + H+ NH4+ ? NH3 + H+ HCO3- ? CO32- + H+ H6Y2+ ? H5Y+ + H+ In General: HA ? A- + H+ 通式; Half reaction 1: HAc ? Ac- + H+ Half reaction 2: H+ + H2O ? H3O+ + Ac- ___________________________________ Total reaction: HAc + H2O ? Ac- + H3O+ Simplified Expression简化表达式: HAc ? Ac- + H+;Amphiprotic Species两性物种;Autoprotolysis质子自递;Dissociation of a Weak Acid/Base弱酸/碱的解离;Strength of Acids and Bases酸碱的强度; H3A ? H2A- ? HA2- ? A3- ; ;The Effect of Electrolytes on Chemical Equilibria电解质对化学平衡的影响;Debye-Hückel Equation德拜- 休克尔方程;;The Effect of Ionic Charges on Equilibria;Effect of Charge电荷 on Ionic Strength离子强度; Acid/Base Dissociation Constantsin Ka活度常数, 浓度常数, and 混合常数; ;Solving Equilibrium Problems for Complex Systems复杂体系中的平衡问题处理; Mass Balance物料平衡: Sum of equilibrium concentration of the species in all forms equals the analytical concentration of the solutes. 各物种的平衡浓度之和等于其分析浓度. Why MBE is replaced by Concentration balanced equation and also the same situation in the following equation? Charge Balance电荷平衡:(电中性原则) Sum of he molar concentration of positive charge in an electrolyte solution always equals the sum of molar concentration of negative ch