信贷风险管理.pptx

信贷风险管理CREDIT CULTURE信贷文化Risk averse given Bank’s high gearing and thin margin倾向低风险，由于银行高负债和低利息差Proper goals and measures with controls适当的目标和措施及控制The Line takes primary (or joint) responsibility of the credit decisions 前线部门对贷款决定负主要（或共同）责任Burden of proof on the Line 证明应贷款责任在于前线部门Never feel embarrassed to ask “dumb” questions 不用担心问“愚笨”的问题CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT信贷风险管理Prerequisite:先决条件Senior management’s support (positive intervention?)高层管理的支持（积极干预？）People (technical capability, integrity and inter-personal skills)人员（技术能力、人格和人际交往能力）Organization and System组织及系统?Attribute:特征Independent 独立性No bottom-line responsibility 没有盈利责任Professional 专业性Firm and fair 坚定和公正STRUCTURE AND APPROVAL PROCESS结构和认证程序Board of Directors董事会行政总裁（总部）GHQCEO信贷总经理GM CreditCountry Risk/Bank Risk国家风险/银行风险Market Risk/Credit Risk市场风险/信用风险Concurrence认同APHCEO行政总裁（亚太区）CCO首席信贷官Approval 审批Market Risk/Credit Risk市场风险/信用风险AMHGM总经理（香港及中国大陆）HD Credit 信贷部门主管Approval审批Credit信用Line前线部门Approval审批ALTERNATIVES选择Centralized vs Decentralized集权/分权Individual vs Committee (composition and decision making process)个人/委员会（债务组成及决策过程）?Factors to consider: 需要考虑的因素?Individual / Collective Decision / Responsibility个人/集体决策/责任Senior management’s trust 高层管理的信任Quality of staff (at centre and in the line) 员工的素质 （管理人员和一线职员）Specialization of staff 员工专业化Effectiveness of internal control system 内部控制系统的功效Quality of service (e.g. turnaround time) 服务的质量（例如：报废项目时间）Others (fraud prevention etc.) 其他（防范欺诈等）Structure and Account Cycle结构及客户信贷周期Head of CRM信贷风险管理部Policy/政策Risk Monitoring风险监督Recovery追偿Approval审批Loans贷款Unhealthy loans不良贷款Review回顾Review回顾Credit Policy, Guidelines and Procedures Manual 信贷政策，指南及程序手册Key business objectives 主要业务目标Structure and Responsibility 结构及职责Economic Outlook 经济预期Sectoral Analysis 行业分析Business Strategy and Focus 业务战略和重点Risk Assessment and Credit Appetite 风险评估和信贷偏好Lending Guidelines 贷款指南Credit Products, Procedures and Advice 信贷产品、程序和建议 CREDIT POLICY信贷政策Market positioning and risk appetite 市场定位和风险偏好 Return 回报 ?? Private Bank