确定需求下的库存管理.pptx

Ch12 Inventory Management with Known Demand第10章 确定需求下的库存管理Teaching aims1. Formulate a mathematical model describing the behavior of the inventory system. 2. Seek an optimal inventory policy with respect to this model. Primary coverageScientific inventory managementThe Basic Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Model（经济订购批量模型）The EOQ model with planned shortagesThe EOQ Model with quantity discountsThe EOQ model with gradual replenishment Focus and difficulty1.The EOQ Model with Quantity Discounts 2.The EOQ model with planned shortages§12.1Scientific inventory management科学库存管理12.1 Inventory ManagementManufacturers need inventories of the materials required to make their products. They also need inventories of the finished products awaiting shipment.Both wholesalers and retailers need to maintain inventories of goods to be available for purchase by customers. 12.1 Inventory ManagementThe costs associated with storing inventory are very large, perhaps a quarter of the value of the inventory.Just-in-time inventory system (准时化库存系统) emphasizes planning and scheduling so that the needed materials arrive just-in-time for their use. JIT的思想可以概括为“在需要的时候，按需要的量生产需要的产品” 12.1 Scientific inventory managementManagers use scientific inventory management to improve their inventory policy for when and how much to replenish（补充） their inventory. §12.2 A Case StudyThe Atlantic Coast Tire Corp. (ACT) Problem大西洋海岸轮胎公司（ACT）问题Background of ACTACT is the distributor（分销商） of Eversafe tires. When the inventory level of tires get low, ACT places a large order with Eversafe to replenish the inventory. Eversafe ships the tires to arrive nine working days after the placement of the order. Background of ACTThe tires have been selling at a regular rate of about 500 per month. Manager’s policy has been to place an order with Eversafe for 1,000 tires as needed every couple months. The order is placed just in time to have the delivery arrive as the inventory runs out.(因此库存用完之前的第九天就开始订货) Are you sure?Is 1,000