微机原理课程设计步进电机正反转及调速控制分解.doc

微机原理课程设计步进电机的正反转及调速控制分解 微机原理课程设计步进电机的正反转及调速控制分解 PAGE / NUMPAGES 微机原理课程设计步进电机的正反转及调速控制分解 成绩 课程设计报告 题 目 步进电机正反转及调速 控制系统的设计 课 程 名 称 微机原理及应用 院 部 名 称 机电工程学院 专 业 电气工程及其自动化 班 级 10电气 1班 学 生 姓 名 管志成 学 号 1004103027 课程设计地址 C304 课程设计学时 20 指导教师 李国利 金陵科技学院教务处制 1 摘 要 步进电机是将电脉冲信号转变成角位移或线位移的开环控制元件， 拥有迅速启动能力 ,定位精度高，能够直接接受数字量，所以被宽泛地应用于数字控制系 统中，如数模变换装置、精准定位、计算机外头设施等，在现代控制领域起着特别重要的作用。 本设计鉴于 Proteus 7.8设计环境，运用了 8086 CPU 芯片以及 74273 芯片、 74244 芯片和步进电机以及 7 位小功率驱动芯片 ULN2003A 、按钮、指示灯等协助硬件电路， 设计了步进电机正反转及调速系统。绘制软件流程图，进行了软件设计并编写了源程序， 最后对软硬件系统进行联合调试。 该步进电机的正反转及调速系统拥有控制步进电机正反转的功能， 还能够对步进电机进行调速， 不一样的按钮对应不一样的速度， 而且在没有速度按钮按下的时候， 步进电机自动切换到停止状态。 要点词： 步进电机；正反转；调速控制； ULN2003A 芯片； 8086 微机系统 2 目 录 一、概括 1.1 课程设计的目的·············································· 4 1.2 课程设计的要求· ···········································4 二、整体设计方案及说明 2.1 系统整体设计方案· ·········································5 2.2 系统工作框图· ·············································5 三、系统硬件电路设计 3.1 Intel 8086 微办理器的简介· ··································6 3.2 步进电机的原理· ···········································7 3.3 ULN2003A 的简介··········································8 3.4 74154 芯片简介·············································9 3.5 74LS273 芯片简介·········································· 10 3.6 8086 最小系统的设计········································11 3.7 步进电机及其驱动电路的设计· ·······························12 3.8 电机状态显示电路的设计· ···································12 3.9 输入采样电路的设计· ·······································13 3.10 系统总电路图··············································14 四、系统软件部分设计 4.1 系统流程图················································15 4.2 系统软件源程序· ···········································16 4.2.1 电机绕组通电次序设定· ···································16 4.2.2 延时子程序设计· ········································16 4.2.3 汇编源程序及说明· ·······································16 五、总结 5.1 系统软硬件的联合调试· ······································21 5.2 问题剖析和解决方案· ········································23 5.3 心得与领会·················································23六、参