限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.ppt

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 第一页，共28页。 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 ① 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。 ___________________ ___________________ 第二页，共28页。 The man who came here yesterday has come again. 关系副词when和why用于引导限制性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省去，但是where通常不可以省去。如： a. Be sure to call on us next time (when) you come to town. b. This is one of the reasons (why) you may like to eat it. 第三页，共28页。 ② 非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如： a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865. b. He sent a special governor, a man named Gessler, who would rule with a firm hand. __________ ___________________ 第四页，共28页。 c. He lives in another town, which is only about an hour’s ride from here. d. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. e. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves. 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which. 第五页，共28页。 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上 译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上 A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom 第六页，共28页。 Practice A 请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 第七页，共28页。 Practice B 区分下列几组句子的不同含义： 1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。 （意含： 她还有其他哥哥。） 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。 （意含： 她只有一个哥哥。） 第八页，共28页。 . All the books that have pictures in them are well written. All the books, which have pictures i