GRE阅读练习：日本汽车小厂商受政府支持.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习：日本汽车小厂商受政府支持 GRE阅读：GRE阅读练习：日本汽车小厂商受政府支持 GRE考试强化课程   Japans small-car firms are defying the industrys get-big-or-die imperative  日本的小厂商们正在与“要么大，要么死”这一条金科玉律抗争  ONE of the conundrums of the car business is that five smaller Japanese firmscontinueto prosper alongside three giants, Toyota, Nissan and Honda. In theory, those in the second division—Mazda, Mitsubishi, Suzuki and Subaru—should long ago have merged with rivals at home or abroad, or fallen by the wayside. Daihatsu is already controlled by Toyota, which has a 51% stake in the firm. They all sell 1m-2m vehicles a year. Sergio Marchionne, boss of Fiat Chrysler, once said that 6m was the minimum required for carmakers to have a hope of turning a profit.  目前，汽车产业里有着这样一个费解的情况：在三大巨头(丰田Toyota、日产Nissan和本田Honda)的身旁，五家较小的日本公司能够持续地取得出色业绩。理论上来说，这些第二梯队成员(马自达Mazda、三菱Mitsubishi、铃木Suzuki和斯巴鲁Subaru)应该早已被国内或国外的对手所兼并，或是退出历史长河。拥有大发汽车(Daihatsu)51%股权的丰田汽车公司，早已控制了前者的生产经营。以上所提到的五家较小的制造商，他们每年各自约卖出100万至200万辆汽车。而菲亚特克莱斯勒(Fiat Chrysler)的老板Sergio Marchionne曾表示，对于汽车制造商来说，“600万辆”是想要获得盈利所必须达到的zui低销售总额。  The second-tier firms seem more determined than ever to disprove the notion that global scale and huge volumes are indispensable. Suzuki is a relative minnow with a strong presence in only one big market outside Japan—India. But not long ago it withdrew from an alliance with Germanys Volkswagen (VW), which could have helped it sell small and cheap vehicles in developed markets overseas.  这些第二梯队公司似乎比以往任何时候都更有决心，去反驳这样一个观点：业务规模和巨量销售额都是不可或缺的。除去日本本土市场以外，铃木汽车只在印度取得了耀眼的成绩，相比于其他制造商来说十分不起眼。但就在不久之前，该公司退出了与德国大众汽车(Volkswagen (VW))所结成的商业联盟，而后者本应该能帮助铃木汽车进入海外发达国家市场，以销售旗下的小型廉价车辆。  Mazda, an even smaller firm, gladly parted ways with Ford. The American carmaker began to wind down its stake in 2008 to raise cash and avoid bankruptcy. The two firms had worked together since 1979. Subaru, part of Fuji Heavy Industries, a conglomerate, reportedly chafes at the 16.5% s