GRE阅读练习：自闭症患者性别差异分析.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习：自闭症患者性别差异分析 GRE阅读训练：GRE阅读练习：自闭症患者性别差异分析 GRE考试精品课程指导  Womenhave fewer cognitive disorders than men do because their bodies are better atignoring the mutations which cause them  与男性相比，患有认知障碍的女性较少，因为她们自身的身体能更好的忽略导致认知障碍的基因突变  AUTISMis a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of “social blindness” (aninability to read or comprehend the emotions of others) occur alone. This isdubbed high-functioning autism, or Aspergers syndrome. Though their fellow menand women may regard them as a bit odd, high-functioning autists are oftensuccessful (sometimes very successful) members of society. On other occasions,though, autism manifests as part of a range of cognitive problems. Then, thecondition is debilitating. What is common to those on all parts of theso-called autistic spectrum is that they are more often men than women—so muchmore often that one school of thought suggests autism is an extrememanifestation of what it means, mentally, to be male. Boys are four times morelikely to be diagnosed with autism than girls are. For high-functioning autism,the ratio is seven to one.  自闭症是一种奇怪的状态。有时它是由“社会失明”症状(无法阅读或理解他人的情绪)导致的孤独。这被称为高功能自闭症，或亚斯伯格症候群。虽然他们的男性和女性同伴会认为他们有点奇怪，但高功能自闭患者通常是成功的社会人士(有时非常成功)。然而，另一些场合，自闭症表现为一系列认知问题的一部分。那么，条件逐渐衰弱。对于那些所有被称为自闭症患者范围的人来说共同点是男性远多于女性，以至于一个学校认为自闭症意味着一种极端的在心理上表现为一名男性。比起女孩而言，男孩有四倍的可能性被诊断为自闭症。至于高功能自闭症，比率达到7比1。  Moreover,what is true of autism is true, to a lesser extent, of a lot of otherneurological and cognitive disorders. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is diagnosed around three times more often in boys than in girls. “Intellectualdisability”, a catch-all term for congenital low IQ, is 30-50% more common inboys, as is epilepsy. In fact, these disorders frequently show up incombination. For instance, children diagnosed with an autistic-spectrumdisorder often also receive a diagnosis of ADHD.  此外，自闭症的真相，在较小程度上，就是神经病学的认知障碍的真相。被诊断为注意力缺乏症的男大约是女孩的三倍。“智力残疾”，一