GRE阅读练习：英国人基因分析论证神话虚实.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习：英国人基因分析论证神话虚实 GRE阅读训练：GRE阅读练习：英国人基因分析论证神话虚实 GRE考试精品课程指导  An analysis of Britons genes confirms some myths and explodes others  对英国人基因的一项分析论证了神话中的虚与实  THE waves of invasion and immigration that have, from time to time, swept over the British Isles have led some to refer to Britons as a mongrel nation. A study just published in Nature by Peter Donnelly of Oxford University and his colleagues shows there is some truth in this, and that the palimpsest of those events is visible in peoples genes—or, at least, that it was still discernible in the late 19th century.  外部入侵与移民浪潮时常席卷不列颠群岛，因此，有人将英国称为混血国。牛津大学教授彼得·多纳利与其同事在《自然》杂志上刚发表了一项研究，该研究表明：混血国的说法有一定的真实性，并且这些风云变幻的历史在人们的基因中有所体现(或者，至少在19世纪晚期依然可辨)。  Dr Donnellys team looked in detail at the DNA of 2,039 Britons from all parts of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, each of whose grandparents had all been born within 80km of each other. They thus, in effect, sampled the distribution of genetic material in the country in 1885 (the average year of the birth of these grandparents), before the large-scale internal population movements of the 20th century had had a chance to confuse the issue. The results divided into 17 genetic clusters, illustrated on the map, which form a pattern that conforms quite well with what an historian might have predicted, but with some interesting wrinkles.  多纳利博士的研究团队对来自大不列颠岛和北爱尔兰岛各个地域的2039名英国人基因进行了详细研究，研究对象的祖父母均出生在距离对方80公里以内的地方。20世纪国内人口出现大规模流动，因此，该团队实际抽取了英国1885年(研究对象祖父母平均出生的年份)的基因材料作为样本分析，以防止出现失真的情况。研究结果分为17个基因群，其分布情况与一位历史学家的预测完全一致，但同时存在一些有趣的难题。  The map is dominated by a DNA cluster that might reasonably be described as “English”. Comparison with continental Europe shows, as might be expected, that this English cluster is related to northern Germany, where the Anglo-Saxons came from—though the admixture is less than 50%, which indicates (again, as expected) that there was much interbreeding between interlopers