1月6日托福阅读考试真题回忆.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 1月6日托福阅读考试真题回忆 托福真题回忆：1月6日托福阅读考试真题回忆 托福考试名师指导  1月6日(下午场) 托福阅读考题回忆  Passage One  学科分类：地质类  题目：Sea Ice  内容回忆：  第一段：浮冰季节性的形成和消融会对地球地貌产生巨大的影响。  第二段：浮冰会将太阳光反射到大气层中，而没有浮冰的海水会吸收热量。因为温室效应，全球变暖冰山融化，海水吸收更多热量，就会导致浮冰进一步融化。  第三段：当浮冰形成时，会产生一种positive effect，将冰层中的盐分排放到附近的海水中，这些海水盐分很高就会沉到海底。这种positive effect和风力一起影响洋流的行径。  第四段：浮冰对航海探索也造成了印象，例如在19世纪，有一支船队在夏季结束的时候去航海探索，但是被浮冰困住了，浮冰挤压的力量使船崩溃瓦解。而后来，另一支船队在天气暖的时候去，探索非常顺利。  Passage Two  学科分类：考古类  题目：Impacts and Mass Extinctions  内容回忆：  Impacts and Mass Extinctions(和原文90%相似 题目有改动)  Meteorites and impact craters bear witness to the fact that large impacts occasionally occur on Earth. Meteor Crater in the northern Arizona desert of the United States formed about 50,000 years ago when a metallic impactor roughly 50 meters across crashed to Earth with the explosive power of a 20-megaton hydrogen bomb. Although the crater is only slightly more than one kilometer across, an area covering hundreds of square kilometers was probably battered by the blast and ejecta—the debris ejected or displaced during the formation of an impact crater. Far bigger impacts have occurred, sometimes with catastrophic consequences for life on Earth.  While collecting geological samples in Italy in 1978, the father-son team of Luis and Walter Alvarez discovered a thin layer of dark sediment that had apparently been deposited 65 million years ago—at about the same time that the dinosaurs and many other organisms suddenly became extinct. Subsequent studies found similar sediment deposited at the same time at many sites around the world. Careful analysis showed this worldwide sediment layer to be rich in iridium, and element that is rare on Earth’s surface. But iridium is common in primitive meteorites, which led the Alvarezes to a stunning conclusion: the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by the impact of an asteroid or comet. This conclusion was