GRE阅读练习： 英国养老金用法改革更自由.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习： 英国养老金用法改革更自由 GRE考试模拟：GRE阅读练习： 英国养老金用法改革更自由 GRE考试精品课程训练  GET out those cruise brochures—retirees may soon be going on a spending spree. Historically, most Britons with personal pensions and those in so-called “defined-contribution” schemes have been forced to use their pension pots to buy an annuity—a product paying a (normally fixed) income for the rest of their lives. These have never been popular. Money invested in an annuity is locked away and cannot be passed on to the retirees heirs. Recently, low interest rates and longer life spans have caused annuity rates to fall sharply. Last month the Financial Conduct Authority, Britains regulator, concluded that the annuity market “is not working well for consumers”.  现在出现了那种旅行宣传册—退休人员可能很快过上肆意狂欢的生活。回首过去，大多数拥有个人退休金的英国人和那些所谓的“界定供款计划”(即雇主或雇员将资金投入某个计划，由基金管理人员利用此投资进行市场运作)的参与者，都被强制去用他们的退休金购买年金—是一种定期投入资金并且终生可定期领取一定金额的计划。但这些并不被大众接受，因为用于年金投资的钱都是被限制的，子女并不能作为接受者。而近期，低利率和较长的使用期使得年金利率大幅下降。英国的监管机构—金融服务监督局，于上月宣布“年金计划和消费者相处的并不融洽”。  Few anticipated George Osbornes sweeping response. In his budget speech, the chancellor outlined a plan to do away with the requirement to buy an annuity and all the arcane rules that accompany it. Retirees will be free to draw down their pension pot as they like, subject to paying tax at their marginal rate. That will bring Britain into line with other countries including America, Australia and Denmark.  几乎没有人预料到乔治·奥斯本的全面响应。在这位财政大臣的预算中，提出了一个废除任何购买年金以及与年金相关的计划。在他们以边际税率来缴税限制下，退休人员可以自由减少退休金的入资。这一举措使得英国与美国、澳大利亚和丹麦等国家面临同一处境。  It may prove a popular idea, but is it a good one? Pensions get generous tax treatment to encourage people to provide for retirement; if they blow their pension pot on a Maserati, they may end up as wards of the state, particularly in their later years when many will need expensive care in nursing homes.  这可能是一个大众喜闻乐见的决策，但这是否是一个明智的决策呢?养老金得到了慷慨的税收优惠待遇，这促进了人们积极为退休做准备;但如果他们肆意挥霍他们的退休金，他们可能会在国家的病房中结束一生，特别