GRE阅读练习：恶意计算机编码防不胜防.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读练习：恶意计算机编码防不胜防 GRE阅读训练：GRE阅读练习：恶意计算机编码防不胜防 GRE考试精品课程指导  Malicious computer code is making the spooks job easier than ever  恶意计算机编码使间谍活动比以前更容易  IT IS 30 years since William Gibson, an American-Canadian author, wrote “Neuromancer”, in which he coined the term “cyberspace” and imagined a future of hackers for hire and giant corporations raiding each others computer systems in search of secrets. He was right about the direction of travel, but wrong about some of the details. For it is governments, not corporations or anti-social teenagers, who have become the worlds best hackers.  美籍加拿大作家威廉·吉布森的著作《神经漫游者》的问世距今已有30年。在此书中，威廉提出“网络空间”一词，并勾勒出未来大型公司雇佣黑客潜入竞争对手的电脑系统窃取机密的场景。但他只预言中了大致的方向，细节上有很大的出入。如今，政府成为世上最厉害的黑客，而非大型公司或反社会青年。  The latest example came on November 23rd, when Symantec, an American antivirus firm, announced the discovery of a piece of software called Regin, which it had found lurking on computers in Russia, Saudi Arabia and several other countries, sniffing for secrets. Its sophistication and stealth led Symantec to conclude that it must have been written by a nation-state.  比如，美国杀毒软件公司诺顿杀毒于11月23日宣布发现了一种名为“雷金”的病毒软件。该软件潜伏在俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯和其他国家的电脑上窃取机密。根据其复杂性和机密性，诺顿杀毒断定，此病毒软件一定是由某国政府编写。  Regin (the arbitrarily chosen name comes from a text string found in the bugs innards) is only the latest in a long line of government-sponsored malware (see table). The most famous is Stuxnet, discovered in 2010, which was designed, almost certainly by America and Israel, to hijack industrial-control systems. It was deployed against Irans nuclear programme, and destroyed centrifuges that were being used to enrich uranium. Unlike the vast surveillance dragnets revealed by Edward Snowden, a former American contractor who leaked thousands of secret documents in 2013, these computerised bugs are tailored and aimed at defined targets.  “雷金”(该名字来源于病毒内部的文本字符串)只是由政府赞助的恶意程序的冰山一角。最有名的病毒是2001年发现的震网，该病毒极有可能由