托福考试阅读长难句名师分析(二).docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 托福考试阅读长难句名师分析(二)  托福阅读：2017托福考试阅读长难句名师分析(二)  今天我们来看一下最喜闻乐见的长难句—— 因果关系类：  1. Escape involves such actions as aestivation, a condition of prolonged dormancy, or torpor, during which animals reduce their metabolic rate and body temperature during the hot season or during very dry spells.  ○ One way animals escape is by entering a state of extended dormancy, known as aestivation, during the hottest and driest times of year.  ○ Animals can escape without using direct action, or aestivation, simply by reducing their metabolic rate and body temperature.  ○ The actions that an animal uses to escape are known as aestivation, which sometimes involves a reduction in metabolic rate or body temperature.  ○ When the weather is especially hot and dry, an animal may suffer from a condition known as aestivation, at which point the animal needs to escape.  原句中，escape involves aestivation, 后面解释aestivation=dormancy(torpor) = reduce metabolic rate body temperature; 最后加一个时间点during...  看四个选项，1st选项中one way对应原句的involve, 后面说明escape包含dormancy或aestivation，省略了定语从句which修饰dormancy，但整体跟原句相符;2nd选项without…不对;3rd选项中 escape=actions=aestivation把escape的范围缩小了; 4th选项中 suffer from不对，不是遭受，而是主动选择;此外，也未解释escape。  碰到这种同位语或插入语很多的情况，一定要以读懂为主，不要纠结生词!  2. Learning appropriate social behaviors is especially important and species that live in groups, like young monkeys that needed to learn to control selfishness and aggression and to understand the give-and-take involved in social groups. ( 举例论证)  A. Only monkeys that have learned to control their selfish and aggressive behaviors can be involved in social groups.  B. Selfish and aggressive animals like monkeys live in groups in order to practice appropriate social behaviors.  C. Some monkeys are naturally too selfish and aggressive to understand the give-and-take of social groups, so they learn such important behaviors while young.  D. Monkeys and othe