高中英语必修四unit2语法.ppt

The –ing form as the Subject , Object ，Predictive, Attributive and Object Complement ;Have you ever seen these signs?;1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成, 因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。 如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式: not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和 数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有 时态和语态的变化。 3. 动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以 作主语、宾语等。;指出-ing形式在下面句中的成分。 Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. He enjoys listening to violin music. China is a developing country. The music is exciting. We heard her singing in her room. Being ill, she went back home.;一、动词-ing形式作主语 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。如： 1）Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2）Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 3）Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 4）Asking a woman’s age is impolite in our country. ;2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主 语, 用形容词或名词作表语。 常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。;3. 在there be no...结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。; 1)There is no hiding of evil but not to do it． 若要人不知, 除非己莫为。 2)There is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。 3)There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。 ;注意: There is no need to do sth 没必要做某事, 在此句式中to do 不可换为doing. There is no need to tell her. 提示: 当动名词用作主语时, 其逻辑主语由 形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。 1）My sister’s being ill made me worried. 2）Your being right doesn’t necessarily mean my being wrong.;动名词与不定式做主语时的比较： 动名词表示的动作通常是一个习惯性的长期进行 的动作, 不定式则通常表示动作的一次性或短暂性。 e.g. 1）Teaching English is my job. 2）Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 3）To reach there on time is my task. ;二、动名词用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。 1. 只能后接-ing作宾语的动词, 常见的有 avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk, insist on, look forward, feel like等。 e.g. 1）I can’t avoid going． 2）Have you considered looking