定语从句初中英语.docxVIP

定语从句初中英语 定语从句初中英语 PAGE 定语从句初中英语 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如：1) The man?who lives next to us?is a policeman. 2) You must do everything?that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 *?引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why *?关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句?? 2、代替先行词?? 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 *?指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys?who?are playing football?are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man?who?lost his way. *?2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person?(whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man (who/whom?)you met just now?is my friend. *?3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game?which?is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen?(which)?he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) *?4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people?that/who?come to visit the city?are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man?（that/whom?）I saw this morning (在句子中做宾语) *?5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend?whose?father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house?whose?roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom?whose door?is broken?will soon be repaired. =The classroom?the door of which is broken?will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book?whose color is yellow =Do you like the book?the color of which is yellow ?????? *?具体使用时还要注意下列问题： ?????? 1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况： *?1） 当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。Is there?anything?that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗 All?that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 *?2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of?the most interesting?books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first?thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 *?3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not?the only?thing thats missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 *?4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或?who ，以避免重复。例如： Who?is the girl?that?is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套