高等教育nmr核磁共振波谱法.pptxVIP

高等教育NMR核磁共振波谱法第1页/共159页1973 Imaging tomography (Mansfield)1985 First protein structure (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) in solution (Wüthrich)第2页/共159页By now: More than 150 protein structures (M 60 000) BPTIBound waterProtein dynamics 第3页/共159页Functional MRI第4页/共159页MRI is used for imaging of all organs in the body. 第5页/共159页NMR Nobel Prize Winners1944 Isador Rabi1952 Felix Bloch Edwin Purcell1991 Richard Ernst2002 Kurt Wüthrich2003 Paul Lauterbur Sir Peter Mansfield第6页/共159页Felix Bloch Edward Mills Purcell The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith 第7页/共159页The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopyRichard R. Ernst 第8页/共159页The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solutionKurt Wüthrich 第9页/共159页Sir Peter Mansfield Paul C. Lauterbur The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging 第10页/共159页概述 核磁共振(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance，NMR) 是上世纪中叶发现的低能电磁波（无线电波）与物质相互作用的一种基本物理现象。 核磁共振是指处于外磁场中的物质原子核系统受到相应频率（兆赫数量级的射频）的电磁波作用时，在其磁能级之间发生的共振跃迁现象。 核磁共振波谱是测量原子核对射频辐射（4～1000MHz）的吸收，这种吸收只有在高磁场中才能产生。核磁共振是近几十年发展起来的新技术，它与元素分析、紫外光谱、红外光谱、质谱等方法配合，已成为化合物结构测定的有力工具。目前核磁共振波谱的应用已经渗透到化学学科的各个领域，广泛应用于有机化学、药物化学、生物化学、环境化学等与化学相关的各个学科。第11页/共159页Kcal/mol1.7 X 1035.7 X 1059.5 X 1034.8 X 102721.29.5 X 10-310-4EIMSNMR第12页/共159页 Figure : (a) Nuclear spins are oriented randomly in the absence of an external magnetic field but (b) have a specific orientation in the presence of an external field, B0. Some of the spins (red) are aligned parallel to the external field while others (blue) are antiparallel. The parallel spin state is slightly lower in energy and therefore favored第13页/共159页Dependence of the diffe