生物化学与分子生物学血液425duan.pptx

Chapter 16 Hemal Biochemistry血液生化 Duan qiuhongThe biochemistry and molecular biology department of TJMUSection 1 血液及血浆主要的蛋白质Blood and Major Plasma ProteinsThe liquid element（液体部分）（ Leukocytes）（thrombocytes）The formed elements（有形部分）（erythrocytes）Composition of the blood 血液成分Plasma（血浆） --- The blood fraction obtained after removal of the cellular components.Serum（血清） --- The liquid element obtained by allowing the blood to clot. The remaining yellow liquid phase lacks the clotting factors after blood clotting.Plasma = serum + clotting factors FibrinogenBlood Coagulation Fibrin（纤维蛋白）lack fibrinogen（纤维蛋白原） Main Biological functions of bloodRespiration: transport of oxygen (RBC)Nutrition: transport of absorbed food materialsExcretion: transport of metabolic waste to the kidneyMaintenance of acid-base balance in the body:Regulation of water balance:Regulation of body temperature:Defense against infection (WBC):Transport of metabolites:Transport of hormones:Coagulation: clotting factorsPlasma Proteins血浆蛋白§1.1 Plasma Contains a Complex Mixture of ProteinsPlasma proteins: total proteins present in plasma (comprise the major part of the solids of the plasma). The concentration of the total plasma proteins: 7.0～7.5 g/dLGlycoproteins（糖蛋白）, lipoproteins（脂蛋白） and antibodies are present in human plasma.§1.2 Classification of Plasma proteinsBased on method of separation: Electrophoresis（电泳）:Ultra-centrifugation（超速离心）:Salting –out（盐析）:Three major groups: fibrinogen（4%), albumin (60%) and globin (35%) A?? Albumin ?1 ?2 ? ?Albumin ?1 ?2 ? ?B(globulin)(globulin)(globulin)Electrophoretogram of Plasma Proteins§1.3 Properties of plasma proteinsMost plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver.Most plasma proteins are glycoproteins.3. Every plasma protein has a characteristic half-life in the circulation§1.4 Functions of plasma proteinsMaintain osmotic pressure:Maintain normal pH:Transportation:Immune defense