词汇学词的意义及理据.ppt

Secondary Onomatopoeia It means that certain sounds and sound sequences are associated with certain senses in an expressive relationship. 第三十页，本课件共52页 Sn- breath-noise: sniff, snuff, snore, snort 2)quick separation or movement: snip, snap, snatch 3)creeping: snake, snail, sneak, snoop 第三十一页，本课件共52页 Sl- slippery: slide, slip, slither, slush, sluice, sludge 2) pejorative sense: slattern, slut, slang, sly, sloppy, slovenly 第三十二页，本课件共52页 Sk-: 与表面接触： skate, skim, skin, skid, skimp -ump: 表示圆形体： plump, chump, rump, hump, stump, dump, mump 第三十三页，本课件共52页 /h/表示猛烈使劲时的气喘声： heavy, haste, hurry, hit, heave, hoarse, hurl等 第三十四页，本课件共52页 Wh-表示“剧烈”的拟声词： wham, whang, whap, whop, wheeze, whicker, whinny, whomp, whoop 第三十五页，本课件共52页 Words which were formed by means of morphological structure belong to the category of motivation by morphology. Compounds and derived words are multi-morphemic words and the meanings of many of them are the sum total of the morphemes combined. 2. Morphological motivation形态理据 第三十六页，本课件共52页 When we talked about derivational affixes, we said most of them have a specific meaning, and when added to a root, they derive a new word. If one knows the meaning of the affix and the root, say –able and read, then one can immediately tell that the meaning of the word readable is “that can be read” . We say the word is morphologically motivated, for a direct connection can be observed between the morphemic structure of the word and its meaning. 第三十七页，本课件共52页 关于词汇学词的意义及理据 第一页，本课件共52页 Outline Word Meaning词义 Motivations of meaning 词的理据 词的意义究竟指什么？ 这个词为什么是这个意思？ 第二页，本课件共52页 关于词义的一些基本理论和基本概念 words defined as things words defined as reference 第三页，本课件共52页 1 words defined as things Word meaning can be defined as a reciprocal relation between name and meaning. ‘Meaning’ is what the form stands for. 意义指的是它代表的内容。 e.g.desk: something you sit at and you do your work. 第四页，本课件共52页 所指关系 relationship between language and the world; between words and the things, actions, events,