if引导的虚拟条件句.ppt

虚拟语气 --------if引导的虚拟条件句 第一页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 虚拟语气(if 条件句) 含义：其假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的；主从句皆须用虚拟 If the working conditions are not too bad, I will accept the job. （真实条件句：对现有事实的一种陈述，使用的是陈述语气）---表达一种看法（工作条件状况未知） If the working conditions were not too bad, I would accept the job. （非真实条件句---虚拟语气）表达一种假设（与事实相反---工作条件已经很糟糕了） 第二页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 If 引导的虚拟条件句的三种类型 带if的虚拟条件句 省略if的虚拟条件句 隐藏if的虚拟条件句 第三页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 与现在事实相反：if条件句用一般过去时（动词be用were），主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形 Ⅰ、带if的虚拟条件句 eg: I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you. If you could bear the loneliness, you might succeed. 第四页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 与将来事实相反(推测将来)：if 条件句中用过去时，或should/were to+动词原形，主句用would (should/could/might)+动词原形。 eg. If she were here this evening, we would go shopping.（从句：一般过去时） If Mary were to marry Jack, she would be happy.（从句：were+动词不定式） If she should know it, she would tell me. (But I doubt)（从句：should+动词原形） 第五页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 If we hadn’t made adequate preparations, the party wouldn’t have been so successful. The flood might have caused great damage to the people, if we hadn’t built so many dams . 与过去事实相反：if 条件句中用过去完成时，主句用would（should/could/might）+have+过去分词。 第六页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 If引导虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化 第七页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 与将来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语v变形： 一般过去时 were + to do Should/could do 注：这三种均可用，不同的是在表示推测将来的时候，可能性的程度不同。 If it snowed tomorrow, I should / would stay at tomorrow.（常用形式） If it were to snow tomorrow, …....（可能性较小） If it should snow tomorrow, ……（可能性较大） 第八页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 Ⅱ.虚拟条件句中if的省略或隐藏 1.省略if 的虚拟条件句 隐藏 if 的虚拟条件句-无“条件”的虚拟语气句子 第九页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 1. 省略if 的虚拟条件句(主要用于书面语) 在虚拟条件句中，有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，但此时应用倒装句型，即将从句中的were, should, , had 等提到句首。 第十页，编辑于星期二：十七点 三十九分。 1. 省略if 的虚拟条件句 如果她在这里，她也同意的。 If she were here, she would agree too. →Were she here, she would agree too. 假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。 If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to