PBEA∕MDI∕BDO体系TPU的制备及性能研究.doc

PAGE I PAGE I PBEA∕MDI∕BDO体系TPU的制备及性能研究 摘要：本论文研究了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPU）的生产工艺和影响TPU性能的因素。聚氨酯是由二异氰酸酯和聚酯多元醇及扩链剂等制成的聚合物。通过改变原料种类及组成，可以大幅度地改变产品形态及其性能，得到从柔软到坚硬的最终产品。在物质的量比恒定条件下，研究了单一扩链剂的物质的量比与TPU性能关系，并由X射线衍射表征了TPU的结晶特性。结果表明弹性体的结晶性能随扩链剂的结构不同而有差别，力学性能随结晶性的增强而增大。硬段含量在一定范围内，弹性体的拉伸强度随着硬段含量的增大而增大,断裂伸长率降低。 关键词：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体，扩链剂，力学性能，结晶性能 The preparation and properties of TPU in PBEA / MDI / BDO system Abstract:This is paper, the production technology and influence factors affecting the properties of the TPU concerning TPU production were briefly introduced. Polyurethane is made from disocyanates and polyols Extender,or made from polymers such as Crosslinking agent. By changing the type and composition of raw materials,can dramatically change the product and its performance,be from soft to hard in the final product. And crystallinity of TPU were characterized by XRD.The results as follows, The crystal properties of TPU varied with extender chain agent structure,with the increasing of crystalline,mechanical properties of TPU increased. Hard segment content within certain range, the tensile strength of TPU increased,elongation at break down,with the increasing perecentage of hard segment phrase. Key words: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, chain entender, mechanical property, crystal performance 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u 2499 1前言 1 20391 1.1概述 1 4955 1.2 聚氨酯弹性体 2 31786 1.2.1 热塑性聚氨酯 2 27896 1.2.2 热固性聚氨酯 3 28303 1.3 聚氨酯的结构及性能 4 11442 1.3.1 TPU的微相分离结构 4 11459 1.3.2 TPU的氢键行为 5 13200 1.3.3 TPU的软段和硬段性能 6 9948 1.3.4 TPU的结晶性和交联 6 8145 1.3.5 TPU的紫外光稳定性 7 32483 1.3.6 聚氨酯的耐磨性 8 31722 1.3.7 聚氨酯的热稳定性 8 20433 1.4 聚氨酯的应用 8 9308 1.4.1 在矿山、选煤、冶金等行业的应用 8 25193 1.4.2聚氨酯胶轮及轮胎 9 12262 1.4.3 鞋材 9 16501 1.4.4 管材 9 31150 2 实验部分 10 22969 2.1 实验原料 10 12372 2.2 实验配方 10 26489 2.3 实验设备、仪器 11 29594 2.4 实验流程 12 21307 2.4.1 实验工艺 12 7739 2.4.2 制备TPU工艺流程 12 25334 2.4.3 TPU的压片以及制样